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USA: EEOC Rules Gender Identity Covered by Title VII

Tuesday, April 24th, 2012

USA: Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Rules Gender Identity Covered by Title VIIAn employer who discriminates against an employee or applicant on the basis of the person’s gender identity is violating the prohibition on sex discrimination contained in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, according to an opinion issued on April 20 by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The opinion, experts say, could dramatically alter the legal landscape for transgender workers across the nation.

The opinion came in a decision delivered on Monday, April 23, to lawyers for Mia Macy, a transgender woman who claims she was denied employment with the Department of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) after the agency learned of her transition. It also comes on the heels of a growing number of federal appellate and trial courts deciding that gender-identity discrimination constitutes sex discrimination, whether based on Title VII or the constitutional guarantee of equal protection of the laws.

The EEOC decision, issued without objection by the five-member, bipartisan commission, will apply to all EEOC enforcement and litigation activities at the commission and in its 53 field offices throughout the country. It also will be binding on all federal agencies and departments.

Full Story from Metro Weekly

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CA, USA: Federal Judge Orders Court to Repay Married Gay Employee for Extra Insurance Costs

Friday, April 6th, 2012

San Francisco District Court RulingA federal judge in San Francisco has ordered that a gay court employee be repaid after administrators refused to allow his husband to join his his health insurance plan. In a ruling issued this week, U.S. District Court Chief Judge James Ware said, “The denial of this compensation to [complainant Christopher Nathan] because he is in a same-sex marriage clearly constitutes discrimination, both on the basis of sex and sexual orientation.”

Nathan, 38, a law clerk in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, filed a complaint after court administrators, citing the federal Defense of Marriage Act, denied his request to enroll his husband in his coverage.

Nathan, a member of the nonprofit Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence who goes by the name Sister Risque, and Thomas Alexander, 39, married in San Francisco in 2008, during the time such unions could be legally performed in California. The state’s voters passed the Proposition 8 same-sex marriage ban in November 2008.

Full Story from the BAR

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MN, USA: DOMA Law Doesn’t Apply to Some Transgender Marriages, Judge Says

Wednesday, April 4th, 2012

Minnesota Gay Marriage RulingA federal court judge in Minnesota ruled on Monday that a marriage between a man and a transgender woman was legal under Minnesota law and that a health insurance plan could not drop the woman from her husband’s health benefits. The judge said that because one person is male and the other legally transitioned to female, the couple qualifies as legally married under the state’s Defense of Marriage Act.

The case hinged on the marriage of Christine and Calvin Radtke. The two were married in July 2005 in Goodhue County in southeastern Minnesota. Calvin works for United Parcel Service and enrolled himself and his wife in his union’s health plan. Christine had legally transitioned from male to female several years earlier.

But after Christine’s physician mentioned her transgender status in her medical file in 2008, the union’s health plan terminated her coverage. The Miscellaneous Drivers and Helpers Union Local #638 Health, Welfare, Eye and Dental Fund sent a letter to the Radtkes stating that as of April 2010, Christine would be dropped from her husband’s health-care plan.

Full Story from the American Independent

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European Court Says Marriage Equality Not a Human Right

Wednesday, March 21st, 2012

The European Court of Human Rights has ruled that same-sex marriage is not a human right and concluded that “if gay couples are allowed to marry, any church that offers weddings will be guilty of discrimination if it declines to marry same-sex couples.”

The decision throws a wrench into the British government’s plan to legalize marriage equality, as it has maintained that “no church would have to conduct gay weddings.”

“The European Convention on Human Rights does not require member states’ governments to grant same-sex couples access to marriage,” the court found in a case “involving a lesbian couple in a civil partnership who complained the French courts would not allow them to adopt a child as a couple.”

Full Story from Think Progress

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NJ: Judges Ruling Bolsters Marriage Equality Lawsuit

Wednesday, February 22nd, 2012

New Jersey Marriage Equality LawsuitA lawsuit asserting that New Jersey’s civil union law does not provide proper benefits to same-sex couples has been bolstered by a state Superior Court judge’s ruling.

Superior Court Assignment Judge Linda Feinberg is allowing the suit against the state to include a previously dismissed argument that New Jersey’s marriage laws deny equal protection under the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Other courts have considered challenges to discriminatory state marriage practices based on federal constitutional grounds, the judge noted in her ruling published Tuesday.

Full Story from USA Today

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Federal Judge Rules DOMA Unconstitutional

Wednesday, February 22nd, 2012

DOMA RulingAnother day, another victory for equality. Today, Judge Jeffrey White, a George W. Bush appointee to the federal bench, declared the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) was unconstitutional as it applied to Karen Golinski.

Ms. Golinski is a married lesbian who wishes to put her wife on the health plan she gets through her employer, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. But, by declaring that federal law only recognizes opposite sex marriages, DOMA Section 3 prevents her from doing this, something that every heterosexual married federal employee can do. Also, you may recall, President Obama refused to defend DOMA in this case, ceding that role to Republicans in the House.

Today’s decision in Golinski v. Office of Personnel Management is notable for a number reason, not the least of which is its role as the latest nail in DOMA’s coffin.

Full Story from Towleroad.com

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Will Prop 8 Ruling Prevent Some States From Offering Civil Unions?

Friday, February 17th, 2012

Prop 8 Decision and Civil UnionsOur post about the 9th Circuit Court declaring Proposition 8, California’s gay marriage ban, unconstitutional, focused on the Colorado case that spelled doom for the state’s anti-gay Amendment 2 circa the ’90s. But could this ruling cause problems for measures like the civil unions bill progressing in the Colorado Senate?

That’s one concern of Kyle Velte, a University of Denver law professor who’s studied the case. “My fear is that other states may be gun shy to give rights that are similar to marriage to gay and lesbian folks now,” she concedes. “Are statehouses going to say, ‘Should we pass civil unions that look exactly like marriage except for the word? Because under the Proposition 8 decision, we have a right to that word.’”

Velte notes that the 9th Circuit’s majority decision, written by Judge Stephen Reinhardt, “is pretty much based based on Romer v. Evans,” the Supreme Court case that overruled Amendment 2. Here’s how Reinhardt’s ruling introduces the subject:

Full Story from Westword.com

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Could Narrow Prop 8 Ruling Backfire With Supreme Court?

Friday, February 10th, 2012

Prop 8 CaseTrying to play to Justice Anthony Kennedy’s gut is a dicey endeavor. So when the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit on Tuesday struck down California’s same-sex marriage ban — also known as Proposition 8 — with reasoning clearly designed for a future Kennedy opinion, constitutional lawyers were quick to point out the unintended consequences of the appeals court’s solicitousness.

Judge Stephen Reinhardt, writing for the 9th Circuit majority, chose not to embrace the broad ruling handed down by U.S. District Judge Vaughn Walker — that same-sex couples cannot be denied the right to marry, period. Instead, Reinhardt ruled narrowly that Prop 8, which passed by ballot referendum in 2010, violated the U.S. Constitution’s guarantee of equal protection because it took away, without any rational reason, the right to marry that the California Supreme Court had guaranteed to the state’s gay and lesbian citizens earlier that year.

Reinhardt is known as the most liberal judge on the country’s most liberal appeals court, so it would have been no surprise had he ruled in line with Walker. His refusal to address the broader question in Perry v. Brown appeared to be a deliberate effort to remove the issue from Supreme Court review. It suggests that he thought an argument good enough for one moderate Republican at the bottom of the federal court pecking order (Walker) was too bold for another at the very top (Kennedy).

Full Story from the Huffington Post

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Prop 8 Ruling’s Dissenting Judge a BYU Graduate

Thursday, February 9th, 2012

Prop 8 CaseLiz wrote yesterday about the dissenting judge in the Prop 8 case. It seems he went to Brigham Young University. And 98% of BYU students are Mormons. Just an interesting factoid.

Then there’s the Mormon’s official statement on yesterday’s ruling, via CNN:

Here’s more from the Mormons, who were single-handedly responsible for Prop 8 passing:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, which came under fire for its strong support of the referendum, said through a spokesman that it “regrets” the ruling.

Full Story from America Blog

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Prop 8 Ruling: The Advocate Analysis

Wednesday, February 8th, 2012

Prop 8 RulingExpert analyses of the Ninth Circuit’s Prop. 8 ruling Tuesday have been legion throughout the day, though one from Williams Institute legal director Jennifer Pizer stood out as particularly thoughtful. The former Lambda Legal marriage project director wrote earlier today:

The decision breaks new ground because it’s the first federal appeals court to strike down a state’s exclusion of same-sex couples from marriage. But it doesn’t break new ground legally.

Instead, the ruling’s close application of Justice Kennedy’s 1996 equal protection analysis (in the Romer v. Evans, Colorado Amendment 2 case) both makes it less likely that the Supreme Court will grant review, and more likely that that plaintiffs would win if the case does go up. Justice Kennedy is generally seen as the key vote, and today’s decision – looking at another state ballot measure – uses his 1996 analysis as a roadmap.

Full Story from The Advocate

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